BIOSENSOR TRACING OF ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING COMPOUNDS IN SURFACE WATER, WASTEWATER AND SLUDGE FOR WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT EU Environment Research Program, contract no. ENV4-CT98-0801
Laufzeit:
Mitarbeiter: Dipl.-Chem. Sonja Schittko, Dipl.-Ing. Martin Gehring
Abschlußbericht: Version 30.06.2002 pdf
überarbeitete Version vom 15.08.2003 pdf
(U.S. letter-layoutet document on A4 print paper size format)Zusammenfassung / Summary:
The common but scarcely applied wastewater treatment technology of simultaneous aerobic sludge treatment is well suited to reduce the water phase BPA concentration below the MDL of 0.1 ng BPA/l (25 pg BPA). Release of BPA from sludge during clarifying can lead to newly increased effluent concentrations. The aeration of the separator, i.e. of the sludge deposit, a sludge detention time in the separator as short as possible, and an adequate hydraulic detention time of the water in the aeration stage possibly can improve the BPA elimination efficiency of aerobic wastewater treatment.
- Elimination kinetics of bisphenol A (BPA), 17beta-estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), 17alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and nonylphenolmono- and -diethoxylate (NP1EO, NP2EO, NP1,2EO) from synthetic wastewater were recorded.
- Mass balances were calculated to model the partitioning of the substances between sewage sludge and wastewater in the systems.
- Descriptive models could be obtained describing the behaviour (elimination, formation and partitioning between fluid and soild phase) of bisphenol A, 17beta-estradiol and estrone in WWTPs with denitrification and aeration.
- New analytical techniques for the determination of endocrine disruptors (EDCs) in wastewater and sewage sludge were developed, optimized and validated.
Simultaneous aerobic sludge treatment also should be sufficient for the exhaustive elimination of E2. But in this case additional experiments have to be carried out. I.e. the formation and degradation of E3 still has to be studied.
Sampling, transportation, and sample preparation were much more expensive than calculated before. This has to be taken into consideration for future research.If samples must be sent abroad they should be held frozen all the time. Since this didn’t work at all within this project, transportation of water samples should be restricted as far as possible. Water samples should be extracted by SPE, dried in a nitrogen stream, and then shipped as loaded SPE cartridges in a nitrogen atmosphere. Solid samples should be sent freeze-dried.
Since many commercial plastics contain either bisphenol A or tetrabromobisphenol A or even are made from bisphenol A monomers (polycarbonate, epoxy resins), plastics totally have to be excluded from sampling, sample storage, sample preparation, and analytical procedures.
One or two field samplings are not sufficient in order to estimate the fate of EDCs in a full-scale WWTP. As discussed in the literature, distinct differences appear from month to month, from week to week, and even from day to day (influent EDC concentration!). Highest attention has to be paid to sampling locations, sample volume, sample homogenisation, etc. I.e. samples of all important volume fluxes has to be drawn.
GEHRING ET AL. (2003) Gehring, M., Tennhardt, L., Vogel, D., Weltin, D., Bilitewski, B. (2003): Xenoestrogen Removal from Sewage Sludge. Poster Joint UK Government/SETAC Conference on Endocrine Disrupters, March 31 - April 01, 2003, York, UK. pdf
GEHRING ET AL. (2003) Gehring, M., Tennhardt, L., Vogel, D., Weltin, D., Bilitewski, B. (2003): Elimination of Estrogenic Endocrine Disruptors from Laboratory-Derived Sewage Sludge by Means of Simultaneous Aerobic Sludge Stabilisation. Proc. ORBIT 2003 Conference, April 30 - May 02, 2003, Perth, Australia, in press.
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